Most of the countries and areas in the Region have an increasing problem with HIV/AIDS.
(1).The countries and areas with a high prevalence should prioritize prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, including primary prevention, voluntary counseling, and testing, care and support for HIV-positive mothers.
(2).In areas where HIV is a significant public health problem all women must be assured access to confidential testing for HIV.
(3).If a mother is HIV-infected and replacement feeding is acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable and safe, avoidance of all breastfeeding is recommended.
(4).Otherwise, exclusive breastfeeding is recommended during the first months of life.
Drug treatment for PMTCT of HIV may be available in some countries and areas in the Region.